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Foreclosing on Incarceration? State Correctional Policy Enactments and the Great Recession Elizabeth K. Brown 1 1 Niagara University, Niagara, NY, USA Elizabeth K. Brown, Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Niagara University, NY, USA. Email:   ebrown@niagara.edu . Publisher: Sage Publications Abstract The economic collapse of 2008 has forced states to reconsider their priorities in punishment and corrections. States have exhibited a wide range of responses to the fiscal crisis. Using data from the National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL), this article reviews briefly the types of correctional policies enacted by states in 2009. This research then evaluates quantitatively the relationships between state-level economic, political, and crime control conditions in 2009 and variable rates of state-level policy enactments in that same year that reduce reliance on incarceration. Findings from a cross-sectional negative binomial model suggest that ...

A total of approximately 6,937,600 offenders were under the supervision of adult correctional systems at the end of 2012. Over the course of the year, the correctional population decreased by approximately 51,000. This decrease during 2012 marked the fourth consecutive year of decline in the U.S. correctional population. Although the correctional population declined by 0.7 percent during 2012, this was the slowest rate of decline observed since 2009, when the correctional population first began to decrease. Approximately 1 in every 35 adults in the United States (2.9 percent of adult residents) was on probation or parole or incarcerated in prison or jail, the same rate as in 1997. An estimated 1 in every 50 adult residents was supervised in the community on probation or parole at the end of the year, compared to 1 in every 108 adults incarcerated in prison or jail. The decrease in the probation population (down 38,300) and prison population (down 21,100) accounted for nearly all of t...

Wisconsin’s Mass Incarceration of African American Males: Workforce Challenges for 2013 Author:  John Pawasarat ; Lois M. Quinn Corporate Author:  University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Employment and Training Institute United States of America Sale:  University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Employment and Training Institute School of Continuing Education 161 W. Wisconsin Avenue, Suite 6000   Milwaukee, WI 53203-2602 United States of America Format:  Document (Online) Document URL:  PDF     Publication Date:  2013 Pages:  33 Type:  Issue Overview ; Statistics Origin:  United States of America Language:  English Annotation:  This report explores issues related to the ability of ex-offenders to get jobs after their release from imprisonment in Wisconsin. Abstract:  This report is divided into two parts: mass incarceration of African-American males and transportati...

"General Equilibrium Effects of  Prison on Crime: Evidence from International Comparisons" by Justin McCrary and Sarath Sanga ABSTRACT We compare crime and incarceration rates over time for the United States, Canada, and England and Wales, as well as for a small selection of comparison countries. Shifts in U.S. punishment policy led to a five-fold increase in the incarceration rate, while nearly every other country experienced only minor increases in incarceration. The large shifts in U.S. punishment policy do not seem to have caused commensurately large improvements in public safety. Justin McCrary is a professor of law in the School of Law at the University of  California, Berkeley and a faculty research fellow of the National Bureau of Economic Research.  Sarath Sanga is a law student at Yale Law School. Cato Papers on Public Policy , Vol. 2 © 2012, Cato Institute